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San Diego Chargers

From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids

San Diego Chargers
Year founded: 1960
San Diego Chargers helmet
San Diego Chargers logo
Helmet Logo
City San Diego, California
Other nicknames Bolts, Super Chargers
Team colors Navy Blue, White, and Gold
Head Coach Marty Schottenheimer
Owner Alex Spanos
George Pernicano (Minority owner (3%))
General manager A.J. Smith
Fight song San Diego Super Chargers
League/Conference affiliations

American Football League (1960-1969)

  • Western Division (1960-1969)

National Football League (1970–present)

Team history
  • Los Angeles Chargers (1960)
  • San Diego Chargers (1961–present)
Championships
League Championships (1)
  • AFL Championships (1)
    1963
Conference Championships (1)
  • AFC: 1994
Division Championships (11)
  • AFL West: 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965
  • AFC West: 1979, 1980, 1981, 1992, 1994, 2004
Home fields
  • Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (1960)
  • Balboa Stadium (1961-1966)
  • Qualcomm Stadium (1967-present)
    • a.k.a. San Diego Stadium (1968-1980)
    • a.k.a. Jack Murphy Stadium (1981-1997)

The San Diego Chargers are a professional American football team based in San Diego, California. They are currently members of the Western Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). Originally called the Los Angeles Chargers, the club began play in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League. The club spent its first season in Los Angeles before moving to San Diego.

The Chargers won one AFL title in 1963 before joining the NFL as part of the AFL-NFL Merger.

Contents

Franchise history

1959-1969

Established with seven other American Football League teams in 1959, in 1960, the Chargers began AFL play in Los Angeles. The Chargers' original owner was hotel heir Barron Hilton, son of Hilton Hotels founder Conrad Hilton. The Chargers only spent one season in L.A. before moving to San Diego in 1961. The early AFL years of the San Diego Chargers were highlighted by the outstanding play of wide receiver Lance Alworth. In his day, he set the pro football record of consecutive games with a reception.

Their only coach for the ten year life of the AFL was Sid Gillman, a Hall of Famer who forced his competition to try to field as professional a product as the Chargers. With stars such as Lance Alworth, Paul Lowe, Keith Lincoln and John Hadl, the Chargers' offense struck fear into the hearts of AFL defenders. They also played defense, as indicated by their professional football record 49 pass interceptions in 1961. The Chargers were the originators of the term "Fearsome Foursome" to describe their all-star defensive line, anchored by Earl Faison and Ernie Ladd (the latter also dabbled in professional wrestling). The phrase was later appropriated by various NFL teams. The Chargers franchise appeared in the first two American Football League Championship games and five altogether, winning the AFL title in 1963 with a 51 - 10 thumping of the Boston Patriots. The Chargers of that era were widely acknowledged as having the most striking uniforms in the history of pro football.

1970-1981

In 1970, the San Diego Chargers settled into the AFC West division after the NFL merger with the AFL. But by then, the Chargers fell on hard times, Sid Gillman stepped down in 1971, and many of the Charger greats from the 1960's had already either retired or traded. In 1972, the Chargers got Duane Thomas and Deacon Jones, but they were no help to the team that was struggling. In 1973, the Chargers tried Johnny Unitas, but the legendary quarterback no longer had the magic he once had, and soon he would retire. In 1974, Don Woods came to the team and for a season he shined on a bad Charger team, but one year later his career stalled and he too would leave the Chargers. 1979 marks a positive turning point for the Chargers franchise as quarterback Dan Fouts sets an NFL record with his fourth consecutive 300-yard passing game, in a game in which he threw for 303 yards against the Oakland Raiders. Coached by Don Coryell and also featuring running back Chuck Muncie and tight end Kellen Winslow, San Diego also clinched their first playoff berth in 14 years with a 35-0 victory against the New Orleans Saints. On Dec. 17, 1979, the Chargers defeat the Denver Broncos 17-7 for their first AFC West division title since the merger before a national Monday Night Football television audience and their home crowd. Unfortunately, their playoff time was short as the Houston Oilers sent the Chargers packing with a 17-14 loss in the Divisional Round. The 1980 Chargers managed to carry last year's success with an 11-5 record (tops in the AFC West). In the playoffs, they won the Divisional Round 20-14 over the Buffalo Bills. However, they fell one game shy of Super Bowl XV in a 34-27 loss to the eventual-champion Oakland Raiders. The 1981 Chargers managed to beat the Broncos for the AFC West title with their 10-6 season. In the Divisional Round, they managed to outlast the Miami Dolphins 41-38. Unfortunately, the eventual-AFC Champion Cincinnati Bengals shredded the 27th-ranked defense, while containing the Chargers' league-leading offense, in a 27-7 loss in the AFC Championship Game.

1982

On January 2, 1982 the Chargers were involved in a memorable overtime playoff game against the Miami Dolphins that became known as The Epic In Miami, ultimately winning 41-38. Chargers quarterback Dan Fouts and Dolphins quarterback Don Strock both threw for more than 400 yards, and Chargers tight end Kellen Winslow caught 13 passes for 166 yards and blocked a crucial field goal despite suffering from heat-induced fatigue and cramps. The game began with San Diego building a 24-0 lead and then losing all of it by early in the third quarter. The Chargers then went from the heat of Miami to the bitter cold of Cincinnati, losing the AFC Championship Game to the Bengals in the Freezer Bowl on January 10, by a score of 27-7. It is considered the coldest game ever played in NFL history.

1983-1993

The Chargers made it back to the playoffs during the strike shortened 1982 season, but after beating the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first round, they lost to the Miami Dolphins in a rematch from their epic game. That loss began a slide for the Chargers, who from 1983 to 1991 failed to make the playoffs despite great individual performances by Lionel James and Billy Ray Smith. Bobby Ross was then hired as head coach in 1992, but San Diego lost its first four games during the season and many thought the Chargers would miss the playoffs again. However, the Chargers came roaring back and became the first 0-4 team to make the playoffs, as they won 11 of the last 12 games and clinched the AFC West title. Ross was named AFC Coach Of The Year for the Chargers' dramatic turnaround. In the Wild Card Round, they managed to shut out the Kansas City Chiefs 17-0, but they got shut out in the Divisional Round to the Miami Dolphins 31-0. In 1993, the Chargers ended up 8-8 (fourth in their division) and ending an average year on the outside looking in.

1994-2003

In the 1994-95 season, the Chargers made their first and, so far, only Super Bowl appearance against the San Francisco 49ers in Super Bowl XXIX in Miami Gardens. They got to the Super Bowl by winning the AFC West Division championship behind a strong defense led by linebacker Junior Seau and an offense keyed by running back Natrone Means, and then gaining upset victories over the Miami Dolphins and Pittsburgh Steelers in the AFC playoffs. Despite two close victories (22-21 against the Dolphins in the Divisional Round and 17-13 against the Steelers in the AFC Championhip) in the playoffs, the underdog Chargers lost to the 49ers, led by quarterback Steve Young (the game's MVP) and wide receiver Jerry Rice, 49-26. The Chargers follow-up year in 1995 wasn't as good as last year, but they still managed to get into the playoffs with a five-game winning streak to end the season at 9-7. Unfortunately, they got an early exit, courtesy of the Indianapolis Colts 35-20 in the AFC Wild Card. Then, from 1996 to 2003, the Chargers would go on to have eight-straight seasons where they were .500 or worse.

2004

They were the host team for Super Bowls XXII, XXXII, and XXXVII in San Diego, but failed to make the playoffs in any of these seasons. In fact, the Chargers had not made the post-season since 1995, the year after their Super Bowl XXIX appearance, until on December 19, 2004, a year removed from their disastrous 4-12 season of 2003, they finally earned a trip back to the post-season by capturing the AFC West Division Title, winning their eighth straight game while shutting out the Cleveland Browns 21-0. An estimated 1200+ fans waited as long as six hours to greet the team at Chargers Park, their year-round training facility starting in 2005. The Chargers went on to finish the regular season 12-4.

They entered the first round (the Wild Card portion) of the playoffs as a lower seed, but proceeded to be eliminated by opponent New York Jets, who won in overtime over the Chargers 20-17. Rookie placekicker Nate Kaeding missed a 40-yard field goal that would have advanced San Diego into the next round, thus opening the door for a Jets victory.

Despite an abrupt ending to their turnaround season, Head Coach Marty Schottenheimer was named NFL Coach Of The Year for the 2004-2005 season, and quarterback Drew Brees was named NFL Comeback Player of the Year.

2005

During the 2005 NFL Draft, the Chargers tried to get some key rookies that would help carry the momentum from their mostly successful 2004-05 run. They used their first pick on LB Shawne "Lights Out" Merriman from the University of Maryland. Then, they used their next pick on DT Luis Castillo from Northwestern University. Their other choices were WR Vincent Jackson from Northern Colorado, RB Darren Sproles from Kansas State, OT Wesley Britt from Alabama University, OT Wes Sims from Oklahoma University, and Center Scott Mruczkowski from Bowling Green State.

The Chargers got off to a rough start on their 2005 campaign, losing a close one to the Dallas Cowboys in their Week 1 home-opener (28-24) and then, they lost on the road to their AFC West rival, the Denver Broncos (20-17). It wasn't until a Week 3 home game on Sunday Night that they got their first win of the season, when Eli Manning and the New York Giants got "shocked to the system" as LaDainian Tomlinson had one of the greatest games of his career. He got 220 total yards, 3 rushing touchdowns, and he threw for a touchdown as he helped the Chargers win 45-23. A week later, they were able to build off of their win by not only winning against the two-time defending champion New England Patriots 41-17, but they also ended the Pats' 21-game winning streak at home. In their Week 5 Monday Night home game against the Pittsburgh Steelers, the Chargers wore their throw-back uniforms during this season (they had also worn them during the 1994 season). During the game, both sides fought hard and fierce. However, in the end, the Steelers held on to win with a 40-yard field goal by Jeff Reed (24-22). The Chargers would rebound on the road against their division rival Oakland Raiders (27-14). In their Week 7 road trip to Philadelphia, they hoped to build off their win against the Eagles. Late in the game, with the Chargers leading 17-13, the Chargers tried to go for a field goal to put their lead well out of reach, but it got blocked and Eagles DB Matt Ware returned it 65 yards for the game-winning touchdown and the Chargers fourth loss of the season.

After going 3-4, the Chargers managed to turn things around as they began a five-game winning streak. They would win at home against division-rival Kansas City Chiefs (28-20) and on the road against the New York Jets (31-26). Coming off their Week 10 Bye, they went home and wore their throw-back uniforms again. This time, it was a dominating performance as the Chargers man-handled the Buffalo Bills 48-10. Then, they went on the road and won a close match against the Washington Redskins (23-17/OT) and then they would sweep the Oakland Raiders at home by a score of 34-10.

The Chargers were 8-5, coming off a surprising 23-21 loss to the Miami Dolphins. On December 18, the Chargers beat the undefeated Indianapolis Colts 26-17, snapping a 13-0 winning streak. However, despite a record of 9-6, they were officially eliminated from AFC playoff contention in 2005 after a 20-7 loss to the Kansas City Chiefs the following Saturday. The Chargers lost their final game of the season by a score of 23-7 to the AFC West champion Denver Broncos to finish with a record of 9-7.

2006

Further information: 2006 San Diego Chargers season

Logo and uniforms

Chargers' AFL logo
Enlarge
Chargers' AFL logo

Except for color changes, the Chargers have basically used the logo of an arc-shaped lightning bolt since the team debuted in 1960. During its period in the AFL, the club also used a shield logo that featured a horsehead, a lightning bolt, and the word "Chargers".

From 1960 to 1973, the team's uniform design consisted of either Electric blue ("sky" or "powder" blue) or white jerseys, both with gold lightning bolts on the shoulders. The helmets were white and had both the arc-shaped lightning bolt logo, in gold, and the players' number. At first, the team wore white pants before switching to gold in 1966.

In 1974, the sky blue was changed to dark royal blue. The helmet was also changed to dark blue and the players' numbers were removed. In 1985, the Chargers started using navy blue and wearing white pants.

The team's current uniform design debuted in 1988. It features an even darker shade of navy blue. The lightning bolts on the jerseys and helmets are now white with gold trim. In 1990, the team started to wear navy pants with their white jerseys.

Since 2002, the Chargers have used the early-1960s uniform design as alternate jerseys, which many football fans (both of the Chargers and of other teams) wish to bring back full-time. At this time, there are no plans to bring these uniforms back full-time.

Broadcasters

The Chargers have employed a who's who of broadcasters during the team's 46-year existence. Among the most notable play-by-play announcers is Lee Hamilton, who spent 11 years in this capacity (1986-97). The team's current play-by-play announcer is Fox Sports' Josh Lewin, who is also the TV announcer for the Texas Rangers. Other play-by-play announcers in the past include Ted Leitner, Bob Chandler, former Minnesota Vikings announcer Dan Rowe and USC's Tom Kelly.

Season-by-season records

Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties

Season W L T Finish Playoff Results
Los Angeles Chargers (AFL)
1960 10 4 0 1st AFL West Lost AFL Championship (Oilers)
San Diego Chargers (AFL)
1961 12 2 0 1st AFL West Lost AFL Championship (Oilers)
1962 4 10 0 3rd AFL West --
1963 11 3 0 1st AFL West Won AFL Championship (B. Patriots)
1964 8 5 1 1st AFL West Lost AFL Championship (Bills)
1965 9 2 3 1st AFL West Lost AFL Championship (Bills)
1966 7 6 1 3rd AFL West --
1967 8 5 1 3rd AFL West --
1968 9 5 0 3rd AFL West --
1969 8 6 0 3rd AFL West --
Merged into NFL
1970 5 6 3 3rd AFC West --
1971 6 8 0 3rd AFC West --
1972 4 9 1 4th AFC West --
1973 2 11 1 4th AFC West --
1974 5 9 0 4th AFC West --
1975 2 12 0 4th AFC West --
1976 6 8 0 3rd AFC West --
1977 7 7 0 3rd AFC West --
1978 9 7 0 4th AFC West --
1979 12 4 0 1st AFC West Lost Divisional Playoffs (Oilers)
1980 11 5 0 1st AFC West Won Divisional Playoffs (Bills)
Lost Conference Championship (Raiders)
1981 10 6 0 1st AFC West Won Divisional Playoffs (Dolphins)
Lost Conference Championship (Bengals)
1982 6 3 0 5th AFC Conf. Won First Round (Steelers)
Lost Second Round (Dolphins)
1983 6 10 0 4th AFC West --
1984 7 9 0 5th AFC West --
1985 8 8 0 4th AFC West --
1986 4 12 0 5th AFC West --
1987 8 7 0 3rd AFC West --
1988 6 10 0 4th AFC West --
1989 6 10 0 5th AFC West --
1990 6 10 0 4th AFC West --
1991 4 12 0 5th AFC West --
1992 11 5 0 1st AFC West Won Wild Card Playoffs (Chiefs)
Lost Divisional Playoffs (Dolphins)
1993 8 8 0 4th AFC West --
1994 11 5 0 1st AFC West Won Divisional Playoffs (Dolphins)
Won Conference Championship (Steelers)
Lost Super Bowl XXIX (49ers)
1995 9 7 0 2nd AFC West Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Colts)
1996 8 8 0 3rd AFC West --
1997 4 12 0 5th AFC West --
1998 5 11 0 5th AFC West --
1999 8 8 0 3rd AFC West --
2000 1 15 0 5th AFC West --
2001 5 11 0 5th AFC West --
2002 8 8 0 3rd AFC West --
2003 4 12 0 4th AFC West --
2004 12 4 0 1st AFC West Lost Wild Card Playoffs (Jets)
2005 9 7 0 3rd AFC West --
*2006 7 2 0 1st AFC West --
Totals 340 365 11 (1960-2005, including AFL & NFL playoffs)

* = Current Standing

Players of note

Current players

Last updated: 19 September 2006

DEPTH CHART

Offensive backs

  • 17 Philip Rivers QB
  • 41 Lorenzo Neal FB
  • 34 Andrew Pinnock FB
  • 21 LaDainian Tomlinson RB
  • 33 Michael Turner RB
  •   7 Billy Volek QB
  •   6 Charlie Whitehurst QB

Receivers

  • 82 Greg Camarillo WR
  • 80 Malcolm Floyd WR
  • 85 Antonio Gates TE
  • 83 Vincent Jackson WR
  • 89 Ryan Krause TE
  • 86 Brandon Manumaleuna TE
  • 87 Keenan McCardell WR/PR
  • 81 Kassim Osgood WR
  • 88 Eric Parker WR/PR
  • 84 Aaron Shea TE

Specialists

  • 50 David Binn LS
  • 10 Nate Kaeding K
  •   5 Mike Scifres P
 

Offensive line

  • 68 Kris Dielman G
  • 79 Mike Goff G
  • 61 Nick Hardwick C
  • 75 Leander Jordan OT
  • 64 Cory Lekkerkerker OT
  • 73 Marcus McNeill OT
  • 63 Scott Mruckzkowski C
  • 70 Shane Olivea OT

Linebackers

  • 54 Stephen Cooper ILB
  • 51 Tim Dobbins LB
  • 59 Donnie Edwards ILB
  • 58 Randall Godfrey ILB
  • 92 Marques Harris OLB
  • 56 Shawne Merriman OLB
  • 95 Shaun Phillips OLB
  • 52 Carlos Polk LB
  • 57 Matt Wilhelm ILB
 

Defensive backs

  • 25 Antonio Cromartie CB
  • 36 Markus Curry CB
  • 29 Drayton Florence CB
  • 30 Cletis Gordon CB
  • 42 Clinton Hart SS
  • 23 Quentin Jammer CB
  • 48 Terrence Kiel SS
  • 27 Bhawoh Jue FS
  • 20 Marlon McCree S

Defensive line

  • 97 Ryon Bingham DT
  • 93 Luis Castillo DE
  • 74 Jacques Cesaire DT
  • 99 Igor Olshansky DE
  • 98 Derreck Robinson DE
  • 76 Jamal Williams NT
 

Practice squad

  • 66 Jeromey Clary OT
  •   4 Brett Elliott QB
  • 28 Steve Gregory CB
  • 22 Tyrone Gross RB
  • 91 Brandon McKinney DT
  • 62 Nick Mihlhauser C
  • 96 Chase Page DT
  • 26 Ray Perkins RB
  • 9 Nick Fergusson WR

Injured reserve

  • 47 Phil Archer LB
  • 43 Darren Sproles RB/KR

Non-Football Injury Reserve

  • 53 Steve Foley OLB

Physically unable to perform

  • 72 Roman Oben OT

Suspensions

  • 56 Shawne Merriman OLB



Pro Football Hall of Famers

  • Lance Alworth
  • Dan Fouts
  • Sid Gillman
  • Charlie Joiner
  • Deacon Jones
  • Ron Mix
  • Kellen Winslow

Retired numbers

  • 14 Dan Fouts
  • 19 Lance Alworth

Chargers Hall of Fame

The Chargers have a team Hall of Fame with the following members:

  • 56 Emil Karas, LB, 1960-66, inducted 1976
  • 55 Frank Buncom, LB, 1962-68, inducted 1976
  • 53 Bob Laraba, LB, 1960-61, inducted 1976
  • 38 Jacque MacKinnon, RB, 1961-69, inducted 1976
  • 19 Lance Alworth, WR, 1962-70, inducted 1977
  • 74 Ron Mix, OT, 1960-69, inducted 1978
  • 23 Paul Lowe, RB, 1960-68, inducted 1979
  • Barron Hilton, team founder-owner, 1960-66, inducted 1980
  • 22 Keith Lincoln, RB, 1961-68, inducted 1980
  • 77 Ernie Ladd, DT, 1961-65, inducted 1981
  • 78 Walt Sweeney, G, 1963-69, inducted 1981
  • 21 John Hadl, QB, 1962-72, inducted 1983
  • 50 Chuck Allen, LB, 1961-69, inducted 1984
  • 27 Gary Garrison, WR, 1966-76, inducted 1985
  • Sid Gillman, head coach, 1961-69 & 1971, inducted 1985
  • 86 Earl Faison, DE, 1961-66, inducted 1986
  • 14 Dan Fouts, QB, 1973-87, inducted 1993
  • 18 Charlie Joiner, WR, 1976-86, inducted 1993
  • Don Coryell, head coach, 1978-86, inducted 1994
  • 45 Speedy Duncan, CB, 1964-70, inducted 1995
  • 85 Russ Washington, DT, 1968-82, inducted 1995
  • 80 Kellen Winslow, TE, 1979-87, inducted 1995
  • George Pernicano, team executive, since 1961, inducted 1996
  • 6 Rolf Benirschke, K, 1978-87, inducted 1997
  • 22 Gil Byrd, CB 1983-92, inducted 1998
  • 97 Gary "Big Hands" Johnson, DT, 1975-84, inducted 1999
  • 63 Doug Wilkerson, G, 1971-84, inducted 2000
  • 89 Wes Chandler, WR, 1981-87, inducted 2001
  • 12 Stan Humphries, QB, 1992-97, inducted 2002
  • Bobby Ross, head coach, 1992-96, inducted 2002
  • 74 Louie Kelcher, DT, 1975-83, inducted 2003
  • 62 Don Macek, C, 1976-89, inducted 2004
  • 67 Ed White, G, 1978-85, inducted 2004

Alworth, Mix, Hadl, Joiner, Coryell, Gillman, Garrison, Fouts, White, Winslow, Faison, Benirschke, Lincoln, Washington, Humphries, Ladd and Wilkerson are also members of the San Diego Hall of Champions, which is open to athletes from the San Diego area as well as those who played for San Diego-based professional and collegiate teams.

Other notable alumni

  • Gary Anderson (RB)
  • Darren Bennett
  • Drew Brees
  • Marion Butts
  • John Carney
  • Curtis Conway
  • Rodney Culver
  • Tim Dwight
  • Miller Farr
  • Doug Flutie
  • Rodney Harrison
  • Jack Kemp
  • Dickie Post
  • Paul Maguire
  • Tony Martin
  • Natrone Means
  • Alfred Pupunu
  • Junior Seau
  • Billy Ray Smith
  • Walt Sweeney
  • Ernie Wright
  • Stanley Richard
  • Darren Carrington
  • Mike Fuller

Head Coaches

  • Sid Gillman (1960-1969)
  • Charlie Waller (1969-1970)
  • Harland Svare (1971-1973)
  • Ron Waller (1973)
  • Tommy Prothro (1974-1978)
  • Don Coryell (1978-1986)
  • Al Saunders (1986-1988)
  • Dan Henning (1989-1991)
  • Bobby Ross (1992-1996)
  • Kevin Gilbride (1997-1998)
  • June Jones (interim) (1998)
  • Mike Riley (1999-2001)
  • Marty Schottenheimer (2002-present)

Current Staff

  • Head Coach - Marty Schottenheimer
  • Offensive Coordinator - Cam Cameron
  • Defensive Coordinator - Wade Phillips
  • Special Teams Coach - Steve Crosby
  • Quarterbacks Coach - John Ramsdell
  • Running Backs Coach - Clarence Shelmon
  • Wide Receivers Coach - James Lofton
  • Tight Ends Coach - Rob Chudzinski
  • Offensive Line Coach - Jack Henry
  • Defensive Line Coach - Wayne Nunnely
  • Linebackers Coach - Greg Manusky
  • Defensive Backs Coach - Brian Stewart
  • Strength and Conditioning - Dave Redding

See also

  • List of American Football League players
  • Holy Roller

External links


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Citation Help

APA Style: Reference List

Encyclopedia Jr (2007). San diego chargers. Retrieved February 12, 2012, from http://www.encyclopediajr.com/wikiarticle/s/a/n/san_diego_chargers.

MLA Style: Works Cited Page

"San diego chargers." Encyclopedia Jr. 2007. 12 Feb 2012 <http://www.encyclopediajr.com/wikiarticle/s/a/n/san_diego_chargers>.


This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article san_diego_chargers.


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