Rafting
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Rafting is a recreational activity utilizing a raft to navigate a river or other bodies of water. This is usually done on
The type of raft used nowadays for recreational rafting is almost exclusively an
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[edit] Safety
Whitewater rafting can be a dangerous sport, especially if basic safety precautions are not observed. In the past there have been many accidents; both commercial trips and private trips have seen their share of injuries and fatalities, though private travel has stereotypically been associated with greater risk. Depending on the area, legislated safety measures now exist for rafting operators, ranging from certification of outfitters, rafts, and raft leaders, to more stringent regulations about equipment and procedures. It is generally advisable to discuss safety measures with a rafting operator before signing on for a trip. The equipment used and the qualifications of the company and raft guides are essential information to be considered.
Like most outdoor sports, rafting in general has become safer over the years. Expertise in the sport has increased, and equipment has become more specialized and increased in quality. This is no doubt as a result of the difficulty rating of most river runs has changed. A classic example would be the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, which has swallowed whole expeditions in the past, leaving only fragments of boats but is now run safely by commercial outfitters hundreds of times each year, with relatively untrained passengers. (Source: California State Parks)
Risks in whitewater rafting stem from both environmental dangers and from improper behavior. Certain features on rivers are inherently unsafe and have remained consistently so despite the passage of time. These would include "keeper hydraulics", "strainers" (e.g. fallen trees), dams (especially low-head dams, which tend to produce river-wide keeper hydraulics), undercut rocks, and of course dangerously high waterfalls. Rafting with experienced guides are the safest way to avoid such features. Even in safe areas, however, moving water can always present risks -- such as when a swimmer attempts to stand up on a rocky riverbed in strong current, risking foot entrapment. Irresponsible behavior along the lines of rafting while intoxicated has also contributed to many accidents.
To combat the illusion that rafting is akin to an amusement park ride, and to underscore the personal responsibility each rafter faces on a trip, rafting outfitters generally require customers to sign waiver forms indicating understanding and acceptance of the risks. Rafting trips often begin with safety presentations to educate customers about problems that may arise.
Having said all this, the overall risk level on a rafting trip with experienced guides using proper precautions is low. Thousands of people safely enjoy raft trips every year.
[edit] Issues with rafting
Like all wilderness sports, rafting has to balance the conflict between nature protection and nature use. Because of frequent problems in the past some rivers now have regulations restricting or specifying the annual and daily operating times.
Conflicts have also arisen with environmentalists, when rafting operators, often in co-operation with municipalities and tourism associations, alter the riverbed by dredging and/or blasting in order to eliminate safety risks or create more interesting whitewater features in the river. Incongruously these measures usually are only temporary, since a riverbed is subject to permanent changes.
On the other hand, rafting contributes to the economy of many alpine regions which in turn may contribute to the protection of rivers from hydro-electric power generation and other development.
[edit] Popular rafting locations
[edit] Africa
[edit] Asia/Oceania
- Rafting in Nepal
- Ganga (Ganges River) and its tributaries in India, Asia
- Tully River in
[edit] Europe
- Tiroler Oberland in the
[edit] Middle East
[edit] North America
- American River near
- Arkansas River near the
- Cheoah River near
- Colorado River, especially through the Grand Canyon starting at
- Denali National Park and Preserve, starting at the
[edit] South America
[edit] See also
- Paddling
- International Scale of River Difficulty