Northern Pike
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| Esox lucius |
The northern pike, Esox lucius, is a carnivorous fish of
Northern pikes are most often olive, shading into yellowish or whitish on belly with short, light barlike spots on body and some dark spots on the fins. The lower half of their gill cover lacks scales and they have large pores on their head and lower jaw. Unlike the similar-looking muskellunge, the northern pike has light markings on a dark body background and less than six pores on the underside of its jaw.
Pike grow to a relatively large size: lengths of 150 cm and weight of 25 kg are not unheard of. A non-metric measurement estimates the size of the northern pike as usually over 1 ft and running to over 4 ft, with a weight of 50 pounds. There are reports of far larger pike, but these are either misidentifications with its much larger relative the muskellunge, or simply have not been properly documented and belong in the realm of legend.
Pikes are found in sluggish streams and shallow, weedy places in lakes, as well as in cold, clear, rocky waters. The pike generally hides in wait for prey, holding perfectly still for long periods, and is then capable of remarkable acceleration, sometimes propelling it a meter into the air (though it rarely leaves the surface). It catches its prey sideways with its sharp teeth, in order to kill it, before turning lengthwise to swallow. It eats mainly fish, but on occasion
Releasing pikes into lakes where it has previously been unknown often has a significant impact on the local ecosystem. Trout populations in particular tend to drop dramatically. There are northern pike populations in eastern New York, northern
While a worthy adversary for any rod and line fisherman, pike are often caught and released by fishermen since its flesh is bone-filled. However, the larger fish can be filleted, and pike have had a long and distinguished history in cuisine and are popular in Germany, with historical references to its cooking going back as far as the Romans. Pike have very white, mild flesh, and are considered one of the best tasting freshwater fish. When eating pike, be sure to chew carefully, as their "y-bones" are not always easily visible.
Fishing for pike is very exciting with their explosive hits and aerial acrobatics. The pike are some of the biggest freshwater fish.
Northern pike occasionally breed with muskellunge to produce tiger muskellunge (Esox masquinongy immaculatus), a muskellunge subspecies. Another form of northern pike, the silver pike, is not a subspecies but rather a mutation that occurs in scattered populations. Silver pike, sometimes called silver muskellunge, lack the rows of spots and appear silver or silvery-blue in color. (Craig, 1).
The northern pike gets its name from its North American habitat and its resemblance to the pole-weapon known as the
[edit] See also
- Muskellunge
- Esox
[edit] References
- Esox lucius (TSN 162139).
- "Esox lucius".
- Broughton, Bruno. "A Review of the Scientific Basis for Pike Schools". N.p., 2000.
- Craig, John F. ed. Pike: Biology and Exploitation. Chapman & Hall, London. 1996 pp. 1.
- Eddy S, Surber T. Northern Game Fishes Univ. of Michigan Press, 1943.
- La Monte Fancesca. North American Game Fishes Doubleday & Company, Inc. 1950 pp. 126.
- Weed Alfred C. Pike, Pickerel, and Muskellunge. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Dept. of Zoology, Leaflet No. 9, 52 pp., 8 plates.