Monitor lizard

From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids

Monitor lizards
An Australian lace monitor (Varanus varius) on a tree.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Sauropsida Order: Squamata Suborder: Sauria Family: Varanidae Genus: Varanus Merrem, 1820
Species
Many, see text.

Monitor lizards are the family Varanidae, a group of lizards which includes the largest living lizard, the Komodo Dragon. Varanidae contains only a single genus: Varanus.

In Australia monitor lizards are known as goannas (See main article).

[edit] Evolutionary overview

Monitor lizards are considered to be the most highly developed lizards, possessing a relatively rapid metabolism for reptiles, several sensory adaptations that benefit the hunting of live prey, and a lower jaw that may be unhinged to facilitate eating large prey animals. Recent work indicates that the Varanid lizards, including the Komodo dragon, are indeed venomous and do not produce strains of deadly bacteria as previously thought. However, instead of injecting the venom into prey from fangs like most of their snake cousins do, the venom stays around the base of the teeth^{[citation needed]}.

[edit] Origin of Name

It has been said that the name of monitor lizards is derived from a superstition that the creatures would give a warning about the presence of crocodiles. However, this explanation may be apocryphal. According to Wildwatch, the name actually resulted from a mishearing of the Arabic word oaran (lizard) as the German warnen (to warn), which was subsequently Latinized into monitor.

[edit] Classification

A Nile monitor

Genus Varanus

• Varanus acanthurus: Spiny-tailed goanna or Ridge-tailed monitor
  • Varanus acanthurus acanthurus interestus or ???
  • Varanus acanthurus brachyurus or ???
  • Varanus acanthurus insulanicus or ???
• Varanus albigularis or White-throated monitor
  • Varanus albigularis albigularis
  • Varanus albigularis angolensis
  • Varanus albigularis ionidesi or Black-throated Monitor
• Varanus auffenbergi Peacock monitor
• Varanus baritji Northern ridge-tailed goanna
• Varanus beccarii Black tree monitor
• Varanus bengalensis Bengal monitor
• Varanus bogerti Louisiade tree monitor
• Varanus brevicauda Short-tailed monitor
• Varanus bushi
• Varanus caerulivirens Blue pin-spot monitor
• Varanus caudolineatus Stripe-tailed goanna
• Varanus cerambonensis Ceram mangrove monitor
• Varanus doreanus Blue-tailed monitor
• Varanus dumerilii Dumeril monitor aka Brown Rough Neck Monitor
• Varanus eremius Desert pygmy monitor
• Varanus exanthematicus: Savannah monitor
• Varanus finschi Finsch's monitor
• Varanus flavescens: Yellow mangrove monitor
• Varanus giganteus: the Perentie
• Varanus gilleni Pygmy mulga goanna
• Varanus glauerti Kimberley rock monitor
• Varanus glebopalma Black-palmed rock monitor
• Varanus gouldii Sand goanna (also Gould's goanna, or Ground goanna)
• Varanus griseus Desert monitor
• Varanus indicus Mangrove monitor
• Varanus jobiensis Peach-throat monitor
• Varanus juxtindicus Hakoi
• Varanus keithhornei Canopy goanna
• Varanus kingorum King's goanna
• Varanus komodoensis: Komodo dragon
• Varanus mabitang Panay monitor
• Varanus macraei Blue tree monitor
• Varanus melinus Quince monitor
• Varanus mertensi: Mertens' water monitor
• Varanus mitchelli Mitchell's water monitor
• Varanus nebulosus Clouded monitor
• Varanus niloticus: Nile monitor
• Varanus olivaceus Gray's monitor, Butaan
• Varanus ornatus Ornate monitor
• Varanus panoptes Argus monitor, Yellow-spotted goanna, Floodplain goanna
• Varanus pilbarensis Pilbara rock monitor
• Varanus prasinus: Emerald tree monitor
  

  

  Emerald tree monitor (also called Green tree monitor) lizard Varanus prasinus
• Varanus primordius Blunt-spined goanna
• Varanus prisca: Megalania (extinct)
• Varanus rosenbergi Rosenberg's goanna
• Varanus rudicollis: Black Roughneck monitor
• Varanus salvadorii: Crocodile monitor, Artrelia
• Varanus salvator: Water monitor
• Varanus scalaris Spotted tree goanna
• Varanus semiremex Mangrove pygmy goanna
• Varanus spenceri Spencer's goanna
• Varanus spinulosus St. Isabel mangrove monitor
• Varanus storri Storr's goanna
• Varanus telenesetes Lia (Biri), Rossel Island tree monitor
• Varanus timorensis: Timor tree monitor or Timor monitor
• Varanus tristis Black-headed tree goanna
• Varanus varius: Lace monitor
• Varanus yemenensis Yemen monitor
• Varanus yuwonoi Tricolor monitor

[edit] Trivia

The movie monster Varan takes its name from this genus.

In a season 4 episode of Hey Arnold, the character Helga owned a monitor lizard.

[edit] References