From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids
Federal law is the body of law created by the federal government of a nation. The process involves the submission of a proposed bill to Congress, in either house. A congressman must then sponser the bill. A federal government is formed when a group of political units, such as states or provinces join together in a federation, surrendering their individual sovereignty and many powers to the central government while retaining or reserving other limited powers as. As a result, two or more levels of government exist within an established geographic territory. The body of law of the common central government is the federal law.
Examples of federal governments include those of Australia, the United States, Canada, the former Soviet Union, India, and Germany.
[edit] United States
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The United States Constitution provides for a federal government that is superior to state governments with regard to its enumerated powers. These powers include the authority to govern international affairs, the currency, and national defense. After the American Civil War, the Fourteenth Amendment applied the United States Bill of Rights to state governments. Issues that arise under any legislation passed by United States Congress, an Executive Order of the President of the United States or a decision of federal courts persuant to the United States Constitution are governed by federal law.
The Supreme Court of the United States has the final authority to interpret the Constitution and makes final decisions regarding all federal laws. United States federal laws are codified in the United States Code.