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August 2
From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids
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August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining.
[edit] Events
- 216 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of Cannae - The Carthaginian army lead by Hannibal defeats a numerically superior Roman army under command of consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro.
- 1610 - Henry Hudson sails into what it is now known as Hudson Bay, thinking he had made it through the Northwest Passage and reached the Pacific Ocean.
- 1776 - Delegates to the Continental Congress begin signing the United States Declaration of Independence.
- 1790 - The first US Census is conducted.
- 1798 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay) concludes in an English victory
- 1869 - Japan's samurai, farmer, artisan, merchant class system (Shinōkōshō) is abolished as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese date: June 25, 1869).
- 1870 - Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opens in London.
- 1903 - Fall of the Ottoman Empire: Unsuccessful uprising of the Macedonians against Ottoman Turkey, also known as the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising.
- 1916 - World War I: Austrian sabotage causes the sinking of the Italian battleship Leonardo da Vinci in Taranto.
- 1918 - Japan announces that it is deploying troops to Siberia in the aftermath of World War I.
- 1931 - Einstein urges all scientists to refuse military work.
- 1934 - Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany.
- 1939 - Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd write a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt urging him to begin the Manhattan project to develop a nuclear weapon.
- 1943 - World War II: PT-109 rammed by the Japanese destroyer Amagiri and sinks. Lt. John F. Kennedy saves all but two of his crew.
- 1945 - World War II: Potsdam Conference, in which the Allied Powers discuss the future of defeated Germany, concludes.
- 1964 - Vietnam War: Gulf of Tonkin Incident - North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fires on U.S. destroyers, USS Maddox and the USS C. Turner Joy.
- 1967 - The second Blackwall Tunnel opens in Greenwich, London.
- 1980 - A bomb explodes at the railway station in Bologna, Italy, killing 85 people and wounding more than 200.
- 1985 - A Delta Air Lines Lockheed L-1011 TriStar crashes at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport killing 137.
- 1990 - Gulf War: Iraq invades Kuwait, eventually leading to conflict with coalition forces.
- 2004 - Monday demonstrations against social cutbacks began in Germany.
- 2005 - Air France Flight 358 skids off the runway at Toronto Pearson International Airport outside Toronto, Canada, destroying the plane but resulting in no loss of life.
[edit] Births
- 1533 - Theodor Zwinger, Swiss scholar (d. 1588)
- 1672 - Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss scholar (d. 1733)
- 1674 - Philip II, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France (d. 1723)
- 1696 - Mahmud I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1754)
- 1703 - Lorenzo Ricci, Italian Jesuit leader (d. 1775)
- 1754 - Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-born architect and city planner (d. 1825)
- 1788 - Leopold Gmelin, German chemist (d. 1853)
- 1815 - Adolf Friedrich von Schack, German writer (d. 1894)
- 1834 - Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor (d. 1904)
- 1835 - Elisha Gray, American inventor and entrepreneur (d. 1901)
- 1865 - Irving Babbitt, American literary critic (d. 1933)
- 1868 - King Constantine I of Greece (d. 1923)
- 1871 - John French Sloan, American artist (d. 1951)
- 1875 - Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Russian artist (d. 1957)
- 1878 - Georg Hackenschmidt, Estonian wrestler (d. 1968)
- 1882 - Red Ames, Baseball player (d. 1936)
- 1890 - Marin Sais, American actress (d. 1971)
- 1892 - Jack Warner, Canadian film producer (d. 1978)
- 1896 - Lorenzo Herrera, Venezuelan singer and composer (d. 1960)
- 1897 - Max Weber, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 1974)
- 1899 - Charles Bennett, British screenwriter (d. 1995)
- 1900 - Helen Morgan, American actress (d. 1941)
- 1905 - Karl Amadeus Hartmann, German composer (d. 1963)
- 1905 - Myrna Loy, American actress (d. 1993)
- 1907 - Mary Hamman, American writer (d. 1984)
- 1910 - Roger MacDougall, writer (d. 1993)
- 1912 - Vladimir Zerjavic, Croatian statistician (d. 2001)
- 1914 - Beatrice Straight, American actress (d. 2001)
- 1915 - Gary Merrill, American actor (d. 1990)
- 1924 - James Baldwin, American author (d. 1987)
- 1924 - Carroll O'Connor, American actor (d. 2001)
- 1925 - Jorge Rafael Videla, Argentinian dictator
- 1925 - Alan Whicker, British journalist and broadcaster
- 1930 - Vali Myers (artist), Australian painter (d. 2003)
- 1931 - Pierre DuMaine, Catholic bishop
- 1932 - Peter O'Toole, Irish-born actor
- 1934 - Valery Bykovsky, cosmonaut
- 1935 - Hank Cochran, American country music singer and songwriter
- 1937 - Garth Hudson, Canadian musician (The Band)
- 1939 - Wes Craven, American film director
- 1941 - Doris Coley, American singer (Shirelles) (d. 2000)
- 1942 - Isabel Allende, Chilean author
- 1943 - Max Wright, American actor
- 1943 - Kathy Lennon, American pop/vocal singer (The Lennon Sisters)
- 1944 - Jim Capaldi, British drummer, singer, and songwriter (Traffic) (d. 2005)
- 1945 - Joanna Cassidy, American actress
- 1945 - Alex Jesaulenko, Australian footballer
- 1947 - Massiel, Spanish singer
- 1948 - Andy Fairweather Low, British guitarist
- 1948 - Dennis Prager, American radio talk show host and author
- 1949 - James Fallows, American journalist
- 1950 - Lance Ito, American judge
- 1951 - Andrew Gold, American singer, musician and songwriter
- 1953 - Butch Patrick, American actor
- 1954 - Sammy McIlroy, Northern Irish footballer and football manager
- 1955 - Caleb Carr, American novelist and military historian
- 1956 - Jim Neidhart, American professional wrestler
- 1957 - Mojo Nixon, American musician and actor
- 1959 - Victoria Jackson, American comedian
- 1959 - Apollonia Kotero, American singer and actress
- 1960 - Neal Morse, American singer, guitarist and keyboardist (Spock's Beard and Transatlantic)
- 1961 - Linda Fratianne, American figure skater
- 1964 - Mary-Louise Parker, American actress
- 1966 - Tim Wakefield, baseball player
- 1969 - Fernando Couto, Portuguese footballer
- 1969 - Richard Hallebeek, Dutch guitarist
- 1970 - Tony Amonte, American hockey player
- 1970 - Kevin Smith, American actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1971 - Michael Hughes, Irish footballer
- 1972 - Justyna Steczkowska, Polish singer
- 1974 - Jeremy Castle, American singer and songwriter
- 1975 - Xu Huaiwen, Chinese-born badminton player
- 1975 - Mineiro, Brazilian footballer
- 1977 - Edward Furlong, American actor
- 1982 - Grady Sizemore, baseball player
- 1982 - Hélder Postiga, Portuguese footballer
- 1985 - Harry Smith, Canadian professional wrestler
- 1986 - Mathieu Razanakolona, Malagasy skier
- 1988 - Brittany Hargest, singer (Jump5)
- 1992 - Hallie Kate Eisenberg, American actress
[edit] Deaths
- 686 - Pope John V
- 924 - Ælfweard of Wessex
- 1100 - King William II of England
- 1222 - Count Raymond VI of Toulouse (b. 1156)
- 1511 - Andrew Barton, Scottish naval leader
- 1589 - King Henry III of France (b. 1551)
- 1611 - Kato Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1562)
- 1696 - Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, Scottish military commander (b. 1630)
- 1769 - Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, English politician (b. 1689)
- 1776 - Louis François I, Prince of Conti, French military leader (b. 1717)
- 1788 - Thomas Gainsborough, English artist (b. 1727)
- 1815 - Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, French marshal (murdered) (b. 1763)
- 1823 - Lazare Carnot, French general, politician, and mathematician (b. 1753)
- 1849 - Governor Muhammad Ali of Egypt (b. 1769)
- 1859 - Horace Mann, American educator and abolitionist (b. 1796)
- 1876 - James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok, American gunfighter (b. 1837)
- 1889 - Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (b. 1851)
- 1890 - Louise-Victorine Ackermann, French poet (b. 1813)
- 1903 - Edmond Nocard, French veterinarian (b. 1850)
- 1920 - Ormer Locklear, American stunt pilot (b. 1891)
- 1921 - Enrico Caruso, Italian tenor (b. 1873)
- 1922 - Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born inventor (b. 1847)
- 1923 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)
- 1934 - Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and President of Germany (b. 1847)
- 1936 - Louis Blériot, French aviation pioneer (b. 1872)
- 1939 - Harvey Spencer Lewis, American Rosacrucian mystic (b. 1883)
- 1945 - Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer (b. 1863)
- 1976 - Fritz Lang, Austrian film director (b. 1890)
- 1978 - Carlos Chávez, Mexican composer (b. 1899)
- 1979 - Thurman Munson, baseball player (b. 1947)
- 1986 - Roy Cohn, American politician (b. 1927)
- 1988 - Raymond Carver, American writer (b. 1938)
- 1988 - Joe Carcione, American consumer advocate (b. 1914)
- 1990 - Norman Mclean, American writer (b. 1902)
- 1997 - William S. Burroughs, American writer (b. 1914)
- 1998 - Shari Lewis, American puppeteer (b. 1933)
- 2003 - Don Estelle, British actor (b. 1933)
- 2003 - Mike Levey, American television personality (b. 1948)
- 2003 - Peter Safar, Austrian physician (b. 1924)
- 2004 - Don Tosti, American musician (b. 1923)
- 2006 - Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German-born soprano (b. 1915)
[edit] Holidays and observances
- Costa Rica - Our Lady of the Angels.
- Bulgaria/Republic of Macedonia - Ilinden (St. Ilya Day), a day of remembrance of the Ilinden Uprising.
- Day of Airborne Forces in Russia.
- Tisha B'Av, Jewish Day of Mourning over the destruction of the First and Second Temples
[edit] Liturgical Feasts
- Ilya the Prophet in the Russian Orthodox Church.
Roman Catholicism
- Saint Alphonsus Mary de Ligouri
- Translation of Saint Alban, martyr (protomartyr of England) [England]
- Saint Auspicius, bishop of Apt, martyr [Apt]
- Saint Eusebius, bishop of Vercelli
- Saint Gaudentius, bishop of Chur, martyr [Chur]
- Saint Peter Julian Eymard
- Saint Stephen I, pope, martyr [common; 6082, in red]
- Saint Catherine (daughter of Bridget) [Scandinavia]
- Saint Etheldritha/Alfrida
[edit] External links
August 1 - August 3 - July 2 - September 2 -- listing of all days
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