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August 18
From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids
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August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 135 days remaining.
[edit] Events
- 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus (mythology) was founded, starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica.
- 1201 - The city of Riga is founded.
- 1541 - A Portuguese ship drifts ashore in the ancient Japanese province of Higo (modern day Kumamoto Prefecture). (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1541)
- 1572 - Wedding in Paris of the Huguenot King Henry IV of Navarre with Marguerite de Valois, in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics.
- 1587 - Virginia Dare, granddaughter of Gov. John White of the Colony of Roanoke, becomes the first English child born in the Americas.
- 1590 - John White, the governor of the Colony of Roanoke, returns from a supply-trip to England and finds his settlement deserted.
- 1634 - Urbain Grandier, accused and convicted of sorcery, burned alive in Loudun, France.
- 1775 - The Spanish established a presidio (fort) and the town came to be called Tucson, Arizona.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Globe Tavern - Union forces try to cut a vital Confederate supply-line into Petersburg, Virginia, by attacking the Weldon Railroad.
- 1868 - French astronomer Pierre Jules César Janssen discovers helium.
- 1877 - Asaph Hall discovers Martian moon Phobos.
- 1903 - German engineer Karl Jatho allegedly flies his self-made, motored gliding airplane four months before the first flight of the Wright Brothers.
- 1904 - Chris Watson resigns as Prime Minister of Australia and is succeeded by George Reid.
- 1909 - Tokyo mayor Yukio Ozaki presents Washington, D.C. with 2,000 cherry trees, which President Taft decides to plant near the Potomac River.
- 1920 - Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ratified, guaranteeing women's suffrage.
- 1938 - The Thousand Islands Bridge, connecting New York State, United States with Ontario, Canada over the St. Lawrence River, is dedicated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
- 1941 - Adolf Hitler orders a temporary halt to Nazi Germany's systematic euthanasia of mentally ill and handicapped due to protests.
- 1946 - Around 70 people died in the Vergarolla explosion.
- 1950 - Julien Lahaut, the chairman of the Communist Party of Belgium is assassinated by far-right elements.
- 1958 - Vladimir Nabokov's controversial novel Lolita is published in the United States.
- 1963 - American civil rights movement: James Meredith becomes the first black person to graduate from the University of Mississippi.
- 1965 - Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins - United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in the first major American ground battle of the war.
- 1966 - Vietnam War: The Battle of Long Tan occurs, when a patrol of Royal Australian Regiment encounter the Viet Cong.
- 1969 - Jimi Hendrix plays the unofficial last day of Woodstock.
- 1971 - Vietnam War: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam.
- 1976 - In the Korean Demilitarized Zone at Panmunjeom, the Axe Murder Incident results in the death of two US soldiers.
- 1982 - Japanese election law is amended to allow for proportional representation.
- 1983 - Hurricane Alicia hits the Texas coast, killing 22 people and causing over USD $1 billion in damage (1983 dollars).
- 1989 - Leading presidential hopeful Luis Carlos Galán is assassinated near Bogotá in Colombia.
- 1992 - Wang Laboratories files for bankruptcy.
- 1992 - NBA basketball player Larry Bird announces his retirement after winning an Olympic gold medal as a member of the U.S. Dream Team.
- 2004 - In Dublin, Ireland the Dublin Port Tunnel excavation works are completed.
- 2005 - Dennis Rader is sentenced to 175 years in prison for the BTK serial killings.
- 2005 - Massive power blackout hits the Indonesian island of Java, affecting almost 100 million people.
[edit] Births
- 1414 - Jami, Persian poet (d. 1492)
- 1450 - Marko Marulić, Croatian poet (d. 1524)
- 1587 - Virginia Dare, first English child born in North America (d. 1588)
- 1596 - Jean Bolland, Flemish Jesuit writer (d. 1665)
- 1605 - Henry Hammond, English churchman (d. 1660)
- 1685 - Brook Taylor, English mathematician (d. 1731)
- 1692 - Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (d. 1740)
- 1720 - Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers, English murderer (d. 1760)
- 1750 - Antonio Salieri, Italian composer (d. 1825)
- 1754 - François, marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat, French general (d. 1833)
- 1774 - Meriwether Lewis, American explorer (d. 1809)
- 1792 - John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1878)
- 1822 - Isaac P. Rodman, American Union general (d. 1862)
- 1830 - Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria (d. 1916)
- 1841 - William Halford, American naval officer (d. 1919)
- 1855 - Alfred Wallis, English artist and mariner (d. 1942)
- 1857 - Libert H. Boeynaems, Belgian Catholic prelate (d. 1926)
- 1870 - Lavr Georgevich Kornilov, Russian general (d. 1918)
- 1879 - Aleksandr Rodzyanko, Russian general (d. 1970)
- 1890 - Walther Funk, German Nazi politician (d. 1960)
- 1893 - Ernest MacMillan, Canadian musician (d. 1973)
- 1893 - Burleigh Grimes, baseball player (d. 1985)
- 1896 - Jack Pickford, Canadian-born actor (d. 1933)
- 1900 - Glenn Albert Black, American archaeologist (d. 1964)
- 1902 - Adamson-Eric, Estonian painter (d. 1968)
- 1904 - Max Factor, Polish-born cosmetics entrepreneur (d. 1996)
- 1913 - Romain Maes, Belgian cyclist (d. 1983)
- 1915 - Max Lanier, baseball player
- 1917 - Caspar Weinberger, American politician, 10th United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare & 15th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2006)
- 1918 - Walter Joseph Hickel, Governor of Alaska (twice) and 38th US Secretary of the Interior
- 1920 - Bob Kennedy, baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
- 1920 - Shelley Winters, American actress (d. 2006)
- 1922 - Alain Robbe-Grillet, French writer
- 1925 - Brian Aldiss, English writer
- 1927 - Rosalynn Carter, First Lady of the United States
- 1928 - Marge Schott, baseball team owner (d. 2004)
- 1929 - Hugues Aufray, French singer
- 1931 - Bramwell Tillsley, Canadian Salvation Army general
- 1932 - William R. Bennett, Premier of British Columbia
- 1933 - Roman Polanski, French-born director and actor
- 1933 - Just Fontaine, French footballer
- 1934 - Vincent Bugliosi, American attorney
- 1934 - Roberto Clemente, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player (d. 1972)
- 1934 - Ronnie Carroll, British singer
- 1935 - Rafer Johnson, American athlete
- 1935 - Howard Morrison, New Zealand entertainer
- 1936 - Robert Redford, American actor and director
- 1939 - Robert Horton, British businessman
- 1943 - Martin Mull, American comedian and actor
- 1943 - Gianni Rivera, Italian footballer
- 1943 - Carl Wayne, English singer (d. 2004)
- 1945 - Barbara Harris, American singer (Toys)
- 1952 - Elayne Boosler, American Comedian
- 1952 - Patrick Swayze, American actor
- 1953 - Louie Gohmert, American politician
- 1955 - Taher ElGamal, Egyptian scientist
- 1956 - Jon "Bermuda" Schwartz, American Drummer
- 1957 - Carole Bouquet, French actress
- 1957 - Denis Leary, American comedian and actor
- 1958 - Madeleine Stowe, American actress
- 1959 - Tom Prichard, American former professional wreslter
- 1960 - Fat Lever, American basketball player
- 1960 - Mike LaValliere, baseball player
- 1962 - Felipe Calderón, President-elect of Mexico
- 1966 - Gustavo Charif, Argentine artist
- 1965 - Koji Kikkawa, Japanese singer
- 1966 - Kang Soo-yeon, South Korean actress
- 1967 - Brian Michael Bendis, American comic book writer
- 1968 - Lee Seung-yeon, South Korean actress
- 1969 - Masta Killa, American rapper
- 1969 - Everlast, American musician
- 1969 - Edward Norton, American actor
- 1969 - Christian Slater, American actor
- 1970 - Jessica Hsuan, Hong Kong actress
- 1970 - Malcolm-Jamal Warner, American actor
- 1971 - Richard D James, Irish-born musician
- 1972 - Keiko Yamada, Japanese singer
- 1972 - Leo Ku, Hong Kong singer
- 1974 - Shivnarine Chanderpaul, West Indian cricketer
- 1978 - Andy Samberg, American comedian
- 1979 - Selena Silver, Australian pornographic actress
- 1980 - Esteban Cambiasso, Argentine footballer
- 1980 - Preeti Jhangiani, Indian Actress
- 1981 - Jonathan Schneck, American musician (Relient K)
- 1984 - Robert Huth, German footballer
- 1992 - Frances Bean Cobain, daughter of late Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain and singer/actress Courtney Love
[edit] Deaths
- 353 - Decentius, Roman usurper
- 472 - Ricimer, Roman general
- 849 - Walafrid Strabo, German monk and theologian
- 1227 - Genghis Khan, Mongol leader
- 1258 - Theodore II Lascaris, Emperor of the Empire of Nicaea
- 1276 - Pope Adrian V
- 1318 - Clare of Montefalco, Italian Abbess and religious leader (born c. 1268).
- 1430 - Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English soldier and politician (drowned) (b. 1406)
- 1503 - Pope Alexander VI (b. 1431)
- 1559 - Pope Paul IV (b. 1476)
- 1563 - Étienne de La Boétie, French judge and writer (b. 1530)
- 1613 - Giovanni Artusi, Italian composer
- 1620 - Wanli, Emperor of China (b. 1563)
- 1634 - Urbain Grandier, French priest (b. 1590)
- 1642 - Guido Reni, Italian painter (b. 1575)
- 1645 - Eudoxia Streshneva, Tsarina of Mikhail I of Russia (b. 1608)
- 1683 - Charles Hart, English actor (b. 1625)
- 1707 - William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire, English soldier and statesman (b. 1640)
- 1712 - Richard Savage, 4th Earl Rivers, English soldier
- 1765 - Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1708)
- 1809 - Matthew Boulton, English manufacturer and engineer (b. 1728)
- 1815 - Chauncey Goodrich, American politician (b. 1759)
- 1842 - Louis de Freycinet, French explorer (b. 1779)
- 1850 - Honoré de Balzac, French writer (b. 1799)
- 1940 - Walter P. Chrysler, American automobile executive (b. 1875)
- 1943 - Ali-Agha Shikhlinski, Russian-Azerbaijani general (b. 1865)
- 1949 - Paul Mares, American musician (b. 1900)
- 1963 - Clifford Odets, American playwright (b. 1906)
- 1981 - Anita Loos, American screenwriter (b. 1889)
- 1983 - Nikolaus Pevsner, German-born art historian (b. 1902)
- 1990 - Grethe Ingmann, Danish singer (b. 1938)
- 1990 - B.F. Skinner, American psychological theorist (b. 1904)
- 1994 - Richard Laurence Millington Synge, English chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1914)
- 1998 - Persis Khambatta, Indian actress (b. 1950)
- 2004 - Elmer Bernstein, American composer (b. 1922)
- 2005 - Christopher Bauman, American wrestler (b. 1982)
[edit] Holidays and observances
- Roman Catholic Saints - Saint Helena of Constantinople, and Saint Alberto Hurtado
- Buhe in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church
[edit] External links
August 17 - August 19 - July 18 - September 18 -- listing of all days
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