From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids
Europe and surrounding areas in the 9th millennium BC. Blue areas are covered in ice. (1)
Upper Palaeolithic cultures. (2) Mesolithic cultures. (3) Swiderian cultures. (4) Pontic Tardenosian cultures. (5) Iberian Capsian cultures. (6) Oranian cultures. (7) Lower Capsian cultures. (8) The Fertile Crescent.
The 9th millennium BC marks the beginning of the Neolithic period. Agriculture spreads throughout the Fertile Crescent and use of pottery becomes more widespread. Larger settlements like Jericho arise along salt and flint trade routes. Northern Eurasia is resettled as the glaciers of the last glacial maximum retreat. World population is at a few million people, likely below 5 million.
[edit] Events
- c. 9000 BC – Mediterranean - Settling on Mediterranean isles started.
- c. 9000 BC - Early Neolithic period in Ancient Near East (Jericho, Chatal Huyuk).
- c. 8700 BC – 8400 BC – Britain - Star Carr site in Yorkshire, Britain inhabited by Maglemosian peoples.
- c. 8500 BC – Great Britain - Mesolithic hunters camp at Cramond, Prehistoric Scotland.
- c. 8350 BC – Middle East - Neolithic settlement at Jericho.
- c. 8300 BC – Great Britain - Nomadic hunters arrive in England.
- c. 8000 BC – Norway - Øvre Eiker of Norway inhabited.
- c. 8000 BC – Africa - Earliest recorded African stone engravings, in the Apollo 1 cave.
- 8000 BC - 7000 BC; Jericho had about 2000 inhabitants living in mud-brick houses protected by a stone wall 5 feet thick and 12 to 17 feet high. The site covered 6 acres.
[edit] Environmental changes
- Circa 8000 BC– World - Rising Sea
- Circa 8000 BC– Antarctica - long-term melting of the Antarctic ice sheets is commencing
- Circa 8000 BC– Asia - rising sea levels caused by postglacial warming
- Circa 8000 BC– World - Obliteration of more than 40 million animals about this time
- Circa 8000 BC– North America - The glaciers were receding and by 8,000 B.C. the Wisconsin had withdrawn completely.
- Circa 8000 BC– World - Inland flooding due to catastrophic glacier melt takes place in several regions
[edit] Inventions and discoveries
- c. 8000 BC – Mesopotamia - Agriculture in Mesopotamia.
- c. 8000 BC – Asia - Domestication of the pig in China and Turkey.
- c. 8000 BC – Middle East - Domestication of sheep and goats.
- c. 8000 BC– Asia - Evidence of domestication of dogs from wolves.
- c. 8000 BC – World - Alleged transatlantic trade in tobacco between Africa and South America.
- c. 8000 BC – Middle East - Ancient flint tools from north and central Arabia belong to hunter-gatherer societies.
- c. 8000 BC – Middle East - Clay vessels and modeled human and animal terracotta figurines are produced at Ganj Dareh in western Iran.
- c. 8000 BC – Exchange of goods, a three-dimensional combination of an accounting/inventory system and medium of exchange.
- c. 8000 BC – Exchange of goods may represent the earliest pseudo-writing technology.
- People of Jericho started to mold bricks out of clay, then hardened them in the sun.
