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1993
From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids
| 1993 by topic: |
| Arts |
Architecture - Art - Film - Literature
Music (Country, UK) - Television - Home video |
| Science and technology |
Archaeology - Aviation
Meteorology - Rail transport - Radio - Science |
| By country |
Australia - Canada - France - Germany - India
Ireland - Malaysia - Mexico - New Zealand - Pakistan
Singapore - South Africa - UK - Wales - Zimbabwe |
| Other topics |
| Awards - Sport - Law - State leaders - Sovereign states - Religious leaders - Video gaming |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births - Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Works category |
| Works |
1993 in other calendars
| Gregorian calendar |
1993
MCMXCIII |
| Ab urbe condita |
2746 |
| Armenian calendar |
1442
ԹՎ ՌՆԽԲ |
| Chinese calendar |
4689 – 4690
壬申 – 癸酉 |
| Ethiopian calendar |
1985 – 1986 |
| Hebrew calendar |
5753 – 5754 |
| Hindu calendars |
|
| - Vikram Samvat |
2048 – 2049 |
| - Shaka Samvat |
1915 – 1916 |
| - Kali Yuga |
5094 – 5095 |
| Iranian calendar |
1371 – 1372 |
| Islamic calendar |
1414 – 1415 |
1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003).
Events
January
- January 1 - The Dissolution of Czechoslovakia: Slovakia and the Czech Republic separate in the so-called Velvet Divorce.
- January 3 - In Moscow, George H. W. Bush and Boris Yeltsin sign the second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START).
- January 5 - Washington State executes Westley Allan Dodd by hanging (the first legal hanging in America since 1965).
- January 9 - Jean-Claude Romand kills his family and tries to burn himself inside his home in France.
- January 14 - The Polish ferry Jan Heweliusz sinks off the coast of Rügen in the Baltic Sea, killing 54 people.
- January 15 - Salvatore Riina, the Mafia boss known as 'The Beast', is arrested in Palermo, Sicily after 23 years as a fugitive.
- January 18 - For the first time, the Martin Luther King Jr. Holiday is officially observed in all 50 U.S. states.
- January 19
- IBM announces a $4.97 billion loss for 1992 (the largest single-year corporate loss in United States history).
- Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq, and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and Kuwait, and the northern No-Fly Zone. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at Baghdad factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program. Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights.
- January 20 - Bill Clinton succeeds George H. W. Bush, becoming the 42nd President of the United States of America.
- January 25
- Catherine Callbeck becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, becoming the first elected female premier in Canada (Rita Johnston was Canada's first female Premier but was not elected).
- Mir Aimal Kasi fires a rifle and kills 2 employees outside CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia.
- January 26 - Václav Havel is elected President of the Czech Republic.
- January 31 - The Buffalo Bills become the first team to lose 3 consecutive Super Bowls, as they are defeated by the Dallas Cowboys, 52-17, in Super Bowl XXVII
February
The aftermath of the World Trade Center bombing.
- February 5 - U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Family and Medical Leave Act.
- February 8 - General Motors sues NBC, after Dateline NBC allegedly rigged 2 crashes showing that some GM pickups can easily catch fire if hit in certain places. NBC settles the lawsuit the following day.
- February 11 - Janet Reno is selected by President Clinton as U.S. Attorney General.
- February 12 - Two-year-old James Bulger disappears from the Strand Shopping Centre in Liverpool.
- February 14 - Jamie Bulger's body is found on a disused railway in Liverpool, 2 days after he went missing.
- February 17 - A ferry sinks in Haiti, killing approximately 1,215 out of 1,500 passengers.
- February 22 - Two 11-year-old boys are charged with the murder of Jamie Bulger.
- February 23 - Actor Gary Coleman wins a $1,280,000 lawsuit against his parents.
- February 24
- Yukihiro Matsumoto creates the Ruby programming language.
- Bobby Moore, former England football captain who played in the 1966 World Cup winning team, dies aged 51 after a 2-year battle against bowel cancer.
- February 26 - World Trade Center bombing: In New York City, a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the World Trade Center goes off, killing 6 and injuring over 1,000.
- February 28 - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents raid the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas, with a warrant to arrest leader David Koresh on federal firearms violations. Four agents and 5 Davidians die in the raid and a 51-day standoff begins.
March
- March - The first issue of Wired Magazine is published.
- March 4 - Authorities announce the capture of suspected World Trade Center bombing conspirator Mohammad Salameh.
- March 9 - Rodney King testifies at the federal trial of 4 Los Angeles, California police officers accused of violating King's civil rights when they beat him during an arrest.
- March 11 - Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
- March 12
- Several bombs explode in Bombay, India, killing about 300 and injuring hundreds more. See Bombay bombings (1993).
- North Korea nuclear weapons program: North Korea says that it plans to withdraw from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites.
- March 13 - The Great Blizzard of 1993 strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from Cuba to Québec.
- March 16 - The blizzard is reported to have killed 184, including many surprised and stranded people along the Appalachian Trail.
- March 20 - Warrington bomb attacks: An IRA bomb explodes in Warrington Town Centre and kills 2 children, Jonathan Ball and Tim Parry.
- March 27 - Jiang Zemin becomes President of the People's Republic of China.
- March 28 - Gaullists win legislative election in France and Édouard Balladur becomes prime minister of France.
- March 31 - A bug in a program written by Richard Depew sends an article to 200 newsgroups simultaneously. The term spamming is coined by Joel Furr to describe the incident.
April
- April - The Kuwaiti government claims to uncover an Iraqi assassination plot against former U.S. President George H. W. Bush shortly after his visit to Kuwait. Two Iraqi nationals, caught with smuggled hashish and alcohol inside Kuwait, confess to driving a car-bomb into Kuwait on behalf of the Iraq Secret Service. [1]
- April 6
- A nuclear accident occurs at Tomsk 7 in Russia.
- The HMS Richmond is launched by the Royal Navy.
- April 7 - The attack submarine ex-Queenfish is recycled as part of the Ship-Submarine recycling program.
- April 10 -ANC activist Chris Hani is assassinated in South Africa.
- April 18- Joseph Wallace, 3, is killed by his mother in their Chicago apartment.
- April 19- A 51-day stand-off at the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including David Koresh.
- April 22
- In Washington, DC, the Holocaust Memorial Museum is dedicated.
- Stephen Lawrence is murdered in London, UK.
- April 23 - The WHO declares tuberculosis a Global Emergency.
- April 27 - All members of the Zambia national football team lose their lives in a plane crash off Libreville, Gabon in route to Dakar, Senegal to play a qualifiying match against Senegal at the 1994 FIFA World Cup (the most tragic incident to date in African football history).
- April 30 - The World Wide Web is born at CERN.
May
- May 1
- Former prime minister of France Pierre Bérégovoy commits suicide.
- A Tamil Tigers suicide bomber assassinates President Ranasinghe Premadasa of Sri Lanka.
- May 24 - Eritrea gains independence from Ethiopia.
- May 27 - A car bomb at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence kills 5; the Mafia is suspected.
June
- June 5 - 24 Pakistani soldiers and 75 Somalis killed a lot of black people in a fierce battle in Mogadishu.
- June 6 - Mongolia holds its first direct presidential elections.
- June 8 - In Paris, Christian Didier breaks into the home of Rene Bousquet, banker and former Vichy France administrator, and shoots him dead.
- June 9
- The Los Angeles Police Department raids the home of Hollywood madam Heidi Fleiss.
- The Montreal Canadiens win their 24th Stanley Cup.
- June 14
- Mulitpartyists win a referendum on the future of the one-party system in Malawi.
- Tansu Ciller becomes prime minister of Turkey.
- June 18 - Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at 2 missile engine test stands.
- June 20 - Japanese Earthquake: A 7.5 earthquake hits Japan, killing 385 people.
- June 22
- Japan's New Party Sakigake breaks away from the Liberal Democratic Party.
- A Unabomber bomb injures Charles Epstein in Tiburon, California.
- June 23 - In Manassas, Virginia, Lorena Bobbitt cuts off the penis of her husband John Wayne Bobbitt.
- June 24
- A Unabomber bomb injures computer scientist David Gelernter at Yale University.
- Andrew Wiles wins worldwide fame after presenting his solution for Fermat's Last Theorem, a problem that has been unsolved for more than 3 centuries.
- June 25
- Kim Campbell becomes Canada's 19th and first female Prime Minister.
- Litas is introduced in Lithuania.
- June 27
- U.S. President Bill Clinton orders a cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters in the Al-Mansur District of Baghdad, in response to the attempted assassination of former U.S. President George H. W. Bush during his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.
- In Bad Kleinen, Germany, GSG 9 troopers arrest terrorists Birgit Hogefeld and Wolfgang Grams.
July
- July 1 - Gian Luigi Ferry shoots 8 and injures 6 at the "Pettit and Martin" Law Firm in San Francisco, then shoots himself.
- July 5 - Iraq disarmament crisis: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to UNSCOM demands and the inspection teams return.
- July 12 - A magnitude 7.8 earthquake off Hokkaido, Japan launches a devastating tsunami, killing 202 on the small island of Okushiri, Hokkaido.
- July 16 - Version 1.00 of the Slackware GNU/Linux distribution is released.
- July 19 - U.S. President Bill Clinton announces his 'Don't ask, don't tell' policy regarding gays in the American military.
- July 20 - White House deputy counsel Vincent W. Foster Jr. commits suicide in Virginia.
- July 23 - Candelaria Massacre: Brazilian police officers kill 8 street kids in Rio de Janeiro.
- July 27 - Windows NT 3.1, the first version of Microsoft's line of Windows NT operating systems, is released to manufacturing.
- July 29 - The Israeli Supreme Court acquits accused Nazi death camp guard John Demjanjuk of all charges and he is set free.
August
- August 4 - A federal judge sentences LAPD officers Stacey Koon and Laurence Powell to 30 months in prison for violating motorist Rodney King's civil rights.
- August 6 - Louis Freeh is confirmed by the United States Senate as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
- August 9 - King Albert II of Belgium is sworn into office 9 days after the death of his brother, King Baudouin.
- August 16 - The Debian GNU/Linux distribution is founded by Ian Murdock.
- August 21 - NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Observer orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around Mars.
- August 28 - Mighty Morphin Power Rangers debuts on TV with the first episode Day of the Dumpster.
- August 30 - The Late Show with David Letterman premieres on CBS.
September
PLO leader Yasir Arafat and Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin, with US President, Bill Clinton.
- September 4 - The Essendon Football Club wins its 15th AFL premiership over arch rivals Carlton Football Club
- September 13
- PLO leader Yasir Arafat and Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin shake hands in Washington D.C., after signing a peace accord.
- Late Night with Conan O'Brien premieres on NBC.
- Norwegian parliamentary election, 1993: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats, and Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland retains office.
- September 23 - The IOC selects Sydney, Australia to be the site of the 2000 Summer Olympics.
- September 24 - Nirvana releases In Utero, their last studio album, and the last before Kurt Cobain's death.
- September 29 - An earthquake centred on Killari, Maharashtra, India kills nearly 10,000 people.
October
Image:October1993crisis.jpg
Tanks bombard the Russian parliament in October 1993
- October 1 - Polly Klaas is kidnapped at knifepoint from her home in Petaluma, California; she is later strangled by Richard Allen Davis.
- October 3 - A large scale battle erupts between U.S. forces and local militia in Mogadishu, Somalia; 19 Americans and 500 Somalis are killed.
- October 5 - Second October Revolution in Russia: Russian military and security forces clear the White House of Russia Parliament building by force, squashing a mass uprising against President Boris Yeltsin.
- October 6 - After 9 years of playing basketball, shaken by the death of his father (James Jordan), Michael Jordan retires from basketball for the first time.
- October 13 - Andreas Papandreou begins his second term as Prime Minister of Greece.
- October 25 - Jean Chrétien and his Liberal Party defeat the governing Progressive Conservative Party in the Canadian federal election.
- October 26 - The Carolina Panthers become the NFL's 29th franchise and the first expansion team since 1976.
- October 31 - River Phoenix dies of a drug overdose outside of the Viper Room in Hollywood.
- October - The U.S. Internal Revenue Service grants full religious recognition and tax exemption to all Church of Scientology missions and social betterment groups.[2].
November
- November 1 - The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.
- November 4 - Jean Chrétien becomes Canada's 20th Prime Minister.
- November 9 - Bosnian Croat forces destroy the Stari most, or Old Bridge of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, by tank fire.
- November 11 - Microsoft releases Windows 3.11 for Workgroups to manufacturing.
- November 12 - The inaugural Ultimate Fighting Championship is held in Denver, Colorado.
- November 17 - 10 children and their teacher, all from Hagley RC High School near Birmingham, are killed in a minibus crash on the M40 in Warwickshire.
- November 18 - In South Africa, 21 political parties approve a new constitution.
- November 20 - Savings and Loan scandal: The United States Senate Ethics Committee issues a stern censure of California senator Alan Cranston for his dealings with savings-and-loan executive Charles Keating.
- November 24 - In the United Kingdom, 11-year-olds Robert Thompson and Jon Venables are convicted of the child murder of 2-year-old James Bulger of Liverpool. They are sentenced to be detained at Her Majesty's pleasure, with a recommendation from the trial judge at Preston Crown Court that they be kept in secure accommodation for 'very, very many years to come'.
- November 28 - The Observer reveals a channel of communications has existed between the IRA and the British government, despite the government's persistent denials.
- November 30 - U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (the Brady Bill) into law.
December
- December 2
- December 7 - Colin Ferguson opens fire with his Ruger 9mm pistol on a Long Island Railroad train, killing 6 and injuring 19.
- December 11 - A block of the Highland Towers collapses near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, killing 48.
- December 12 - An earthquake hits Flores, Indonesia, leaving 2,200 dead.
- December 13 - A U-2 Spyplane crashes on a local training flight at Beale AFB in CA; USAF pilot Captain Richard Schneider is killed.
- December 15 - Downing Street Declaration: The United Kingdom commits itself to the search for an answer to the problems of Northern Ireland.
- December 30 - Israel and the Vatican establish diplomatic relations.
Unknown dates
Births
- January 18 - Morgan York, American actress
- January 26 - Cameron Bright, Canadian actor
- January 30 - Christina Kirkman, American actress
- February 7 - David Dorfman, American actor
- February 9 - Parimarjan Negi, chess prodigy from India
- February 19 - Victoria Justice, American actress
- February 26 - Taylor Dooley, American actress
- March 4 - Jenna Boyd, American actress
- March 17 - Julia Winter, Swedish actress
- March 28 - Naoki Takeshi, Japanese actor
- May 24 - Oliver Davis, American actor
- May 25 - The Dilley sextuplets
- June 4 - Christian Mowatt, British noble
- June 7 - Jordan Fry, American actor
- June 9 - Danielle Chuchran, American actress
- June 10 - Hugh Alexander Carnegie, British noble
- June 25 - Barney Clark, British actor
- July 26 - Taylor Momsen, American actress
- August 2 - Ryan and Kyle Pepi, American twin actors
- August 11 - Alyson Stoner, American actress and dancer
- August 12 - Imani Hakim, American actress
- August 16 - Cameron Monaghan, American actor
- September 1 - Ilona Mitrecey, French singer
- September 9 - Charlie Stewart, American actor
- September 12 - Jacob and Zachary Handy, American twin actors
- October 8 - Angus T. Jones, American actor
- October 19 - Henry Mountbatten, Earl of Medina, British noble
- December 6 - Elián González, Cuban refugee
- December 8 - AnnaSophia Robb, American actress
- December 10 - Rachel Trachtenburg, American musician
Deaths
January-February
- January 6 - Dizzy Gillespie, American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer (b.1917)
- January 20 - Audrey Hepburn, Belgian actress (b. 1929)
- January 27 - André the Giant, French professional wrestler (b. 1946)
- February 5 - Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American writer, producer, and director (b. 1909)
- February 5 - Tip Tipping, American actor and stuntman (parachuting accident) (b. 1958)
- February 6 - Arthur Ashe, American tennis player and activist (b. 1943)
- February 11 - Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1922)
- February 18 - Jacqueline Hill, British actress (b. 1929)
- February 18 - Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (suicide) (b. 1960)
- February 20 - Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian automobile manufacturer (b. 1916)
- February 24 - Bobby Moore, English footballer (b. 1941)
- February 27 - Lillian Gish, American actress (b. 1893)
- February 28 - Ruby Keeler, Canadian actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1910)
March-April
- March 8 - Billy Eckstine, American musician (b. 1914)
- March 11 - Adolph "Dino Bravo" Bresciano, Italian-born professional wrestler (b. 1949)
- March 17 - Helen Hayes, American actress (b. 1900)
- March 20 - Polykarp Kusch, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
- March 24 - John Hersey, American author (b. 1914)
- March 31 - Brandon Lee, American actor (b. 1965)
- April 1 - Alan Kulwicki, American race car driver (b. 1954)
- April 3 - Pinky Lee, American children's television host (b. 1907)
- April 5 - Divya Bharti, Indian actress (b. 1974)
- April 8 - Marian Anderson, American contralto (b. 1897)
- April 13 - Wallace Stegner, American writer (car accident) (b. 1909)
- April 15 - Robert Westall, British author (b. 1929)
- April 17 - Turgut Ozal, Turkish president and prime minister (b. 1927)
- April 30 - Tommy Caton, English footballer (b. 1962)
May-June
- May 1 - Pierre Bérégovoy, Prime Minister of France (b. 1925)
- May 8 - Avram Davidson, American writer (b.
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