|
|
1951
From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids
| 1951 by topic: |
| Arts |
Architecture - Art - Film - Literature
Music (Country, UK) - Television - Home video |
| Science and technology |
Archaeology - Aviation
Meteorology - Rail transport - Radio - Science |
| By country |
Australia - Canada - France - Germany - India
Ireland - Malaysia - Mexico - New Zealand - Pakistan
Singapore - South Africa - UK - Wales - Zimbabwe |
| Other topics |
| Awards - Sport - Law - State leaders - Sovereign states - Religious leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births - Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Works category |
| Works |
1951 in other calendars
| Gregorian calendar |
1951
MCMLI |
| Ab urbe condita |
2704 |
| Armenian calendar |
1400
ԹՎ ՌՆ |
| Chinese calendar |
4647 – 4648
庚寅 – 辛卯 |
| Ethiopian calendar |
1943 – 1944 |
| Hebrew calendar |
5711 – 5712 |
| Hindu calendars |
|
| - Vikram Samvat |
2006 – 2007 |
| - Shaka Samvat |
1873 – 1874 |
| - Kali Yuga |
5052 – 5053 |
| Iranian calendar |
1329 – 1330 |
| Islamic calendar |
1371 – 1372 |
1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar.
Events
January
February
- February 1 - United Nations General Assembly declares that China is the aggressor in the Korean War
- February 4-8 - Surgeons remove an ovarian cyst from Gertrude Levandowski in 96-hour long operation in Chicago. She loses almost half of her weight and emerges weighing 140 kg / 308 lb
- February 6 - A Pennsylvania Railroad passenger train derails near Woodbridge Township, New Jersey. The accident kills 85 people and injures over 500 more; one of the worst rail disasters in American history.
- February 6 - Paul Harvey arrested for trying to break into Argonne National Laboratory. [citation needed]
- February 12 - Marriage of Muhammad Reza Shah to Soraya Esfandiary Bakhtiari
- February 19- Jean Lee becomes the last woman hanged in Australia, when Lee and her two pimps are hanged for the murder and torture of a 73 year old bookmaker.
- February 27 - The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.
- February 28 - Linus Pauling, Robert Corey, and Herman Branson publish the findings of the α-helix and the β-sheet.
March-April
- March 6 - The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.
- March 7 - Korean War: Operation Ripper - In Korea, United Nations troops led by General Matthew Ridgeway begin an assault against the Chinese "volunteers".
- March 12 - The Dennis the Menace comic strip appears in newspapers across the U.S. for the first time.
- March 14 - Korean War: For the second time, United Nations troops recapture Seoul.
- March 14 - West Germany joins UNESCO
- March 29 - Red Scare: Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage. On April 5 they are sentenced to receive the death penalty.
- March 29 - Rodgers and Hammerstein's The King and I opens on Broadway and runs for three years. It is the first Rodgers and Hammerstein show specifically written for someone - actress Gertrude Lawrence asked them to write it after seeing the film Anna and the King of Siam. Unfortunately, Ms. Lawrence is stricken with cancer during the run of the show and dies halfway through its run. The show makes a star of Yul Brynner, who repeats his role as the King in the 1956 film version and wins an Oscar for it.
- March 30 - Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.
- April 1 - Female suffrage begins in Greece
- April 11 - President Truman relieves General MacArthur of his Far Eastern commands.
- April 18 - Treaty of Paris (1951) adopted, establishing European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC); see EU.
- April 21 - The National Olympic Committee of the USSR is formed. The USSR first participates in the Olympic Games at Helsinki, Finland, in 1952.
- April 28 - Robert Menzies' Liberal Party government in Australia is re-elected for a second term.
May-June
- May 1 - Opera house of Geneva, Switzerland almost destroyed in a fire
- May 3 - London's Royal Festival Hall opens.
- May 3 - The U.S. Senate Committee on Armed Services and U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations begins its closed door hearings into the dismissal of General Douglas MacArthur by U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
- May 9 - The first test of a nuclear weapon with thermonuclear materials, the "George" test on Enewetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands, by the United States.
- May 14 - First volunteer-run passenger trains on Talyllyn Railway, Wales.
- May 15 - Military coup in Bolivia
- May 25 - The first test of an atomic bomb "boosted" by the inclusion of thermonuclear materials, in the "Item" test on Enewetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands by the U.S.A.
- June 14 - UNIVAC I is dedicated by U.S. Census Bureau.[1]
- June 15 - July 1- In New Mexico, Arizona, California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, thousands of hectares (many square miles) of forests were destroyed in fires.
July-September
- July 1 - Judy Garland, opened the first of 14 concerts in Dublin, Ireland at the Theatre Royal.
- July 5 - William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain announce the invention the junction transistor.
- July 10 - Korean War: At Kaesong, armistice negotiations begin.
- July 13 - The Great Flood of 1951 reaches its highest point in Northeast Kansas, culminating in the greatest flood damage to date in the Midwestern United States.
- July 13 - MGM's Technicolor film version of Show Boat, starring Kathryn Grayson, Ava Gardner, and Howard Keel, premieres at Radio City Music Hall, the same theatre in which the 1936 film version premiered. The 1951 film receives mixed reviews, but becomes a box office smash. It introduces bass-baritone William Warfield (singing Ol' Man River) to movie audiences and makes him nationally famous overnight.
- July 14 - In Joplin, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.
- July 16 - King Léopold III of Belgium signs the act of abdication in favour of his son Baudouin.
- July 17 - Baudouin takes the oath as king of Belgium, after his father abdicated the day before.
- July 20 - King Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated while attending Friday prayers in Jerusalem.
- July 30 - David Lean's Oliver Twist (1948 film) is finally shown in the United States, after ten minutes of supposedly anti-Semitic references and closeups of Alec Guinness as Fagin are cut. The film receives excellent reviews, but few theatre engagements, and is a flop in the United States. It is not shown uncut in the U.S. until 1970.
- August 11 - René Pleven becomes Prime Minister of France
- September 1 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty (for "Australia, New Zealand, United States").
- September 8 - Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, California, 48 nations sign a peace treaty with Japan in formal recognition of the end of the Pacific War.
- September 9 - Chinese communist forces move into Lhasa, the capital of Tibet
- September 10 - The United Kingdom begins an economic boycott of Iran.
- September 20 - NATO accepts Greece and Turkey as members
- September 26-28 - Blue sun seen over Europe - the effect is due to ash coming from the Canadian forest fires four months previously
October-November
- October 3 - "Shot Heard 'Round the World" One of the greatest moments in Major League Baseball history occurs when the New York Giants Bobby Thomson hits a game winning home run in the bottom of the ninth inning off of the Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca, to win the National League pennant after being down 14 games.
- October 4 - The Gene Kelly film An American in Paris (film) premieres in New York. It will eventually receive the Oscar for Best Picture of 1951.
- October 7 - Malayan Emergency - communist insurgents kill British commander Sir Henry Gurney
- October 15 - First oral contraceptive invented by Luis E. Miramontes
- October 15 - I Love Lucy debuts on CBS.
- October 16 - Judy Garland, Opened her legendary concerts in New York's famed Palace Theatre
- October 16 - Assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan
- October 20 - The "Johnny Bright Incident" occurred in Stillwater, Oklahoma
- October 21 - Storm in southern Italy - over 100 dead
- October 24 - President Truman declares official end to war with Germany.
- October 26 - Winston Churchill re-elected British Prime Minister; his foreign minister is Anthony Eden
- October 27 - Farouk of Egypt declares himself also as a king of Sudan - no support
- October 31 - The 1951 version of Scrooge (1951 film) , starring Alastair Sim, opens in England. In this version, unlike the 1935 one, the ghosts are vividly shown.
- November 1 - First military exercises for nuclear war, with infantry troops included, in the Nevada desert
- November 10 - Direct dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.
- November 11 - Juan Peron re-elected president of Argentina
- November 20 - Po river floods in northern Italy
- November 24 - The Broadway play Gigi opens starring little known actress Audrey Hepburn playing the lead character.
- November 28 - Scrooge, starring Alastair Sim, opens in the United States under the title of Charles Dickens's original novel, A Christmas Carol. Virtually unnoticed then, except for a favorable review in the New York Times, the film will become a classic upon its first television showings on local PBS stations in the early 1970's. It is now considered the finest film version of the novel.
December
- December 3 - The Lebanese University is founded in Lebanon
- December 6 - State of emergency in Egypt due to increasing riots
- December 13 - Water storage tank collapses in Tucumcari, New Mexico - 4 dead, 200 buildings destroyed
- December 16 - Salar Jung Museum is opened to the public by the Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru
- December 20 - EBR-1, World's first (experimental) nuclear power plant
- December 24 - Libya becomes independent from Italy
- December 24 - Gian-Carlo Menotti's 45-minute opera, Amahl and the Night Visitors, premieres live on NBC, becoming the first opera written especially for television. It is a great success, repeated annually every year for the next fourteen years.
Undated
- A fourth, and final, forest fire starts in the Tillamook Burn; but unlike earlier fires this one only burns 32,700 acres (132 km²), and within area already affected by the earlier fires.
- IBM United Kingdom formed
- 1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute lasts for 151 days
- Munich Germany – A collection of mementos and personal papers belonging to Adolf Hitler are turned over to the Bayerische Bank for authentication and eventual sale. Among the documents are his appointment as Chancellor, signed by President von Hindenburg, his Austrian passport, as well as an assortment of swastika insignia pins and medals. An initial offer of $200,000.00 was made for the collection. [1]
- Stockholm, Sweden – An 18-year-old sailor is fined for kissing in public. The court calls his actions “obnoxious behavior repulsive to the public morals.”[2]
Births
January
- January 1 - Ashfaq Hussain, Urdu poet
- January 5 - Steve Arnold, English footballer
- January 6 - Kim Wilson, American singer and harmonica player
- January 8 - Kenny Anthony, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia
- January 12 - Kirstie Alley, American actress
- January 12 - Rush Limbaugh, American radio personality
- January 25 - Steve Prefontaine, American runner (d. 1975)
- January 30 - Phil Collins, English musician and producer
- January 31 - Harry Wayne Casey, American musician, songwriter, and producer
February
March
- March 1 - Mike Read, British television presenter and radio disc jockey
- March 4 - Kenny Dalglish, Scottish footballer and football manager
- March 4 - Chris Rea, British singer and musician
- March 6 - Gerrie Knetemann, Dutch cyclist (d. 2004)
- March 8 - Karen Kain, Canadian ballerina
- March 12 - Susan Musgrave Canadian poet and children's writer
- March 13 - Fred Berry, American actor (d. 2003)
- March 14 - Jerry Greenfield, co-founder of Ben & Jerry's ice cream
- March 17 - Kurt Russell, American actor
- March 18 - Ben Cohen, co-founder of Ben & Jerry's ice cream
- March 24 - Tommy Hilfiger, American fashion designer
- March 26 - Carl Wieman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
April
- April 5 - Dean Kamen, American inventor and entrepreneur
- April 5 - Frank Moulaert, Flemish scholar
- April 5 - Guy Vanderhaeghe, Canadian author
- April 6 - Bert Blyleven, Dutch Major League Baseball player
- April 7 - Janis Ian, American singer and songwriter
- April 10 - David Helvarg, American journalist and activist
- April 10 - Steven Seagal, American martial artist, holy man, musician, and actor
- April 11 - Doris McGowen Beck Angleton, American socialite and murder victim (d. 1997)
- April 13 - Peabo Bryson, American singer
- April 13 - Peter Davison, British actor
- April 13 - Max Weinberg, American drummer
- April 14 - Julian Lloyd Webber, English cellist and composer
- April 16 - Ioan Mihai Cochinescu, Romanian writer
- April 19 - Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
- April 20 - Louise Jameson, British actress
- April 29 - Dale Earnhardt, American race car driver (d. 2001)
May
- May 9 - Christopher Dewdney, Canadian poet
- May 13 - Sharon Sayles Belton, Mayor of Minneapolis, Minnesota
- May 15 - Jonathan Richman, American musician
- May 15 - Frank Wilczek, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- May 19 - Joey Ramone, American musician (The Ramones) (d. 2001)
- May 23 - Anatoly Karpov, Russian chess player
- May 26 - Madeleine Taylor-Quinn, Irish politician
- May 26 - Sally Ride, astronaut
- May 30 - Stephen Tobolowsky, American actor
June
- June 2 - Larry Robinson, Canadian hockey player
- June 8 - Bonnie Tyler, Welsh singer
- June 14 - Paul Boateng, British politician
- June 20 - Tress MacNeille, American voice actress
- June 20 - Paul Muldoon, Irish poet
- June 27 - Mary McAleese, eighth President of Ireland
- June 28 - Lalla Ward, British actress
- June 28 - Lloyd Maines, American musician and record producer
- June 29 - Keno Don Rosa, American comic book author
July
- July 3 - Richard Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer
- July 5 - Rich "Goose" Gossage, baseball player
- July 8 - Anjelica Huston, American actress
- July 10 - Cheryl Wheeler, American singer and songwriter
- July 14 - Erich Hallhuber, German actor (d. 2003)
- July 16 - Stewart Copeland, American drummer
- July 18 - Elio Di Rupo, Belgian politician
- July 24 - Chris Smith, British politician
August
September
- September 5 - Michael Keaton, American actor
- September 7 - Julie Kavner, American actress
- September 12 - Joe Pantoliano, American actor
- September 13 - Linda Wong, Pornstar (d. 1987)
- September 21 - Aslan Maskhadov, President of Chechnya
- September 22 - David Coverdale, English singer
- September 25 - Mark Hamill, American actor
- September 26 - Stuart Tosh, Scottish musician
- September 27 - Paul Craig, English professor of law
- September 29 - Michelle Bachelet, President of Chile
- September 29 - Andrés Caicedo, Colombian writer (d. 1977)
- September 29 - Maureen Caird, Australian hurdler
- September 30 - Barry Marshall, Australian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine
October
- October 2 - Sting, British musician
- October 3 - Bernard Cooper, American writer
- October 3 - Dave Winfield, baseball player
- October 3 - Keb Mo', American musician
- October 5 - Bob Geldof, Irish musician (The Boomtown Rats)
- October 6 - Manfred Winkelhock, German race car driver
- October 7 - John Mellencamp, American musician and songwriter
- October 10 - Epeli Ganilau, Fiji soldier and statesman
- October 11 - Jean-Jacques Goldman, French singer and songwriter
- October 18 - Terry McMillan, American author
- October 25 - Richard Lloyd, American guitarist of Television
- October 26 - Bootsy Collins, American musician, singer, and songwriter
- October 30 - Harry Hamlin, American actor
November
December
Unknown dates
- Brian Keenan, Irish writer and hostage in Lebanon
- John Kindness, Irish artist
Deaths
January-April
- January 7 - René Guénon, French-born author (b. 1886)
- January 10 - Sinclair Lewis, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
- January 18 - Amy Carmichael, Irish missionary to India (b. 1867)
- January 21 - Yuriko Miyamoto, Japanese novelist (b. 1899)
- January 29 - Frank Tarrant, Australian cricketer (b. 1880)
- February 9 - Eddy Duchin, American pianist and bandleader (b. 1909)
- February 13 - Lloyd C. Douglas, American author (b. 1877)
- February 18 - Lyman Gilmore, American aviation pioneer (b. 1874)
- February 19 - André Gide, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
- February 12 - Choudhary Rahmat Ali, one of the founding fathers of Pakistan (b. 1895)
- March 6 - Ivor Novello, Welsh actor, musician, and composer (b. 1893)
- March 10 - Shidehara Kijuro, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)
- March 21 - Willem Mengelberg, Dutch conductor (b. 1871)
- March 25 - Eddie Collins, baseball player (b. 1887)
- March 25 - Oscar Micheaux, American filmmaker (b. 1884)
- April 4 - Al Christie, Canadian-born film director and producer (b. 1881)
- April 4 - George Albert Smith, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1870)
- April 6 - Robert Broom, Scottish paleontologist (b. 1866)
- April 22 - Horace Donisthorpe, English myrmecologist (b. 1870)
- April 23 - Charles G. Dawes, Vice President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1865)
May-December
- May 7 - Warner Baxter, American actor (b. 1889)
- May 27 - Sir Thomas Albert Blamey, Australian soldier (b. 1884)
- May 30 - Hermann Broch, Austrian author (b. 1886)
- June 4 - Serge Koussevitzky, Russian conductor (b. 1874)
- June 13 - Ben Chifley, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
- June 21 - Charles Dillon Perrine, American-born astronomer (b. 1867)
- July 9 - Harry Heilmann, baseball player (b. 1894)
- July 13 - Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian composer (b. 1874)
- July 20 - King Abdullah I of Jordan (b. 1882)
- July 23 - Robert J. Flaherty, American filmmaker (b. 1884)
- July 23 - Philippe Pétain, leader of Vichy France (b. 1856)
- July 29 - Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese author (b. 1883)
- August 14 - William Randolph Hearst, American newspaper publisher (b. 1863)
- August 15 - Artur Schnabel, Polish pianist (b. 1882)
- August 21 - Constant Lambert, British composer (b. 1905)
- August 26 - Bill Barilko, Canadian hockey player (b. 1927)
- October 6 - Otto Fritz Meyerhof, German-born physician and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1884)
- October 16 - Liaquat Ali Khan, first Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1896)
- November 5 - Reggie Walker, South African athlete (b. 1889)
- November 9 - Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-born composer (b. 1887)
- November 13 - Nikolai Medtner, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1880)
- December 5 - Shoeless Joe Jackson, baseball player (b. 1889)
- December 6 - Harold Ross, American editor (b.1892)
Nobel prizes
- Physics - John Cockcroft, Ernest Walton
- Chemistry - Edwin McMillan, Glenn T. Seaborg
- Physiology or Medicine - Max Theiler
- Literature - Pär Lagerkvist
- Peace - Léon Jouhaux
Ship events
- List of ship launches in 1951
- List of ship commissionings in 1951
- List of ship decommissionings in 1951
References
- ^ "Year by Year 1951" -- History Channel International
- ^ "Year by Year 1951" -- History Channel International
|