1700

From Encyclopedia Jr, free information reference for Kids

1700 (MDCC) was an exceptional common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 10-day faster until February 28, 1700 [O.S. February 18, 1700], but 11-day faster since March 1, 1700 [O.S. February 19, 1700], than the Julian calendar.

Events

• January 1 - Russia accepts Julian calendar.
• January 1 - Germany and Denmark-Norway adopt the Gregorian calendar, including the convention that New Year's Day is January 1.
• January 26 - The Cascadia Earthquake, one of the largest earthquakes on record, ruptures the Cascadia subduction zone offshore from Vancouver Island to northern California, creating a tsunami logged in Japan and oral traditions of the American First Nations.
• February 27 - The island of New Britain is discovered.
• March 11, 1700 [O.S. February 29] (Swedish calendar March 1) - The Swedish calendar is adopted. 1700 of this calendar is a common year starting on Monday.
• April - Fire destroys many buildings in Gondar, the capital of Ethiopia, including two in the palace complex.
• November 20 - Great Northern War: Battle of Narva - King Charles XII of Sweden defeats the army of Tsar Peter the Great at Narva.
• November 23 - Pope Clement XI succeeds Pope Innocent XII as the 241st pope.
• December 28 - Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

• Vietnamese gain control of entire Indochina peninsula.
• The Great Northern War begins with Russia, Denmark and Saxony/Poland making a coordinated attack on Sweden (to 1721).
• Control of Spain passes from the Habsburgs to the Bourbons.
• Mission San Xavier del Bac founded in New Spain near Tucson, as a Spanish Roman Catholic mission.
• A fire destroys the larger part of Edinburgh.
• An inventory made for the Medici family of Florence documents the first piano, invented by their instrument keeper Bartolomeo Cristofori.

Births

• February 2 - Johann Christoph Gottsched, German writer (died 1766)
• February 9 - Daniel Bernoulli, Dutch mathematician (died 1782)
• March 13 - Michel Blavet, French flutist (died 1768)
• May 7 - Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-born physician (died 1772)
• May 12 - Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect (died 1773)
• May 19 - José de Escandón, Spanish colonial governor (died 1770)
• May 26 - Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf, German religious and social reformer (died 1760)
• August 13 - Heinrich, count von Brühl, German statesman (died 1763)
• September 11 - James Thomson, Scottish poet (died 1748)
• September 30 - Stanislaw Konarski, Polish writer (died 1773)
• October 10 - Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor (died 1759)
• November 19 - Jean-Antoine Nollet, French abbot and physicist (died 1770)
• November 28 - Nathaniel Bliss, English astronomer (died 1764)
• December 25 - Leopold II of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian general (died 1751)
• Bajirao, Peshwa of Marathas (died 1740)
• Francesca Cuzzoni, Italian opera singer (died 1770)
• Konstancja Czartoryska, Polish noblewoman (died 1759)
• Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (died 1739)
• Israel ben Eliezer, Jewish Orthodox mystical rabbi (died 1760)
• Klemens August of Bavaria (died 1761)
• Franciszek Salezy Potocki, Polish nobleman (died 1772)
• Ivan Ranger, Austrian painter (died 1753)

Deaths

• January 7 - Raphael Fabretti, Italian antiquary (born 1618)
• January 21 - Henry Somerset, 1st Duke of Beaufort (born 1629)
• February 12 - Aleksei Shein, Russian commander and statesman (born 1662)
• May 12 - John Dryden, English writer (born 1631)
• July 29 - William, Duke of Gloucester (born 1689)
• September 15 - André Le Nôtre, French landscape gardener (born 1613)
• September 27 - Pope Innocent XII (born 1615)
• November 1 - Charles II of Spain (born 1661)
• November 25 - Stephanus Van Cortlandt, first native born mayor of New York (born 1643)
• Patriarch Adrian, Russian Orthodox Church leader (born 1627)
• Caius Gabriel Cibber, Danish sculptor (born 1630)
• Thomas Creech, English translator (born 1659)
• Louis Joliet, Canadian explorer (born 1645)
• Jens Juel, Danish diplomat (born 1631)
• Kamalakara, Indian astronomer and mathematician (born 1616)
• Henry Killigrew, English dramatist (born 1613)
• John Lowther, 1st Viscount Lonsdale, English politician (born 1655)
• Joseph Moxon, English mathematical lexicographer (born 1627)
• John Hale, American witch hunter (born 1636)